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The Włodawa Synagogue (''Wlodowa Synagogue'') in Włodawa, Poland is an architectural complex consisting of two historic synagogues and a Jewish administrative building, now preserved as a museum. The complex includes the Włodawa Great Synagogue of 1764–74, the late 18th century Small Synagogue, and the 1928 community building.〔"Ancient Synagogues at Wlodawa", in: ''Quarterly Review of Scientific Publications of the Polish Academy of Sciences'', 1959, p. 24〕 It is "one of the best-preserved" synagogues in Poland.〔Mark Salter & Jonathan Bousfield, ''Poland'', Rough Guides, 2002, p. 320〕 In 1901 Jewish immigrants from Włodawa established a Wlodowa Synagogue in London, England (see below). ==Włodawa Great Synagogue== The Great Synagogue (1764–74) was built to replace a wooden synagogue of 1684. It is a Baroque structure, with a ground floor entrance and a high-ceilinged, second-story sanctuary.〔Andrzej Trzciński, ''Traces of Monuments of Jewish Culture in the Lublin Region'', Lublin: Wojewódzki Ośrodek Informacji Turystycznej, 1988, p. 21〕〔Brian Knox, ''The Architecture of Poland'', New York: Praeger, 1971 (also: London: Barrie & Jenkins, 1971 ISBN 0-214-65211-4), p. 37〕〔Jerzy Z. Łoziński & Adam Miłobędzki,''Guide to Architecture in Poland'', Warsaw: Polonia, 1967, p. 266〕 The flanking wings give the building a general configuration similar to the palaces and great manor houses of the Polish nobility of the era.〔Maria & Kazimierz Piechotka, ''Heaven's Gates: wooden synagogues in the territories of the former Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth'', Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Krupski i S-ka, 2004 ISBN 83-86117-53-2〕 The wings held women’s prayer-rooms. Also unusual is the three-tiered copper roof that takes the general form of the unique wooden synagogues of the Polish-Lithuanian commonwealth.〔 The first official inventory of important buildings in Poland, ''A General View of the Nature of Ancient Monuments in the Kingdom of Poland,'' led by Kazimierz Stronczynski in 1844–55, describes the Great Synagogue of Włodawa as one of Poland's architecturally notable buildings.〔Piechotka, ''Heaven's Gates''; p. 174〕 The original one-story building was expanded in the nineteenth century. The present building is cross-vaulted with lunettes and nine fields. It is supported by four weight-bearing columns, which surround but do not form part of the bimah. The bimah is a 1936 reproduction of the bimah lost in a fire in 1934. The masonry columns survived the fire. The walls and ceilings are molded and painted. Interestingly, they bear both Jewish and Polish motifs. One of the ceiling rosette paintings features the stork, a highly popular symbol of Poland, and the central of the nine ceiling rosettes, in the place of honor over the bimah, is an eagle, which is both a symbol of both Poland and Israel.〔Malgorzata Podlewska-Bem, ''The Complex of Synagogue Buildings in Włodawa,'' Włodawa: Leczynsko-Wlodawskie Lakeland Museum〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Włodawa Synagogue」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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